The ground around the two lakes is built to erode. NRCS maps Wilkes soils on 10 to 25 percent slopes over tens of thousands of acres in the Baldwin, Jones and Putnam survey area, and most lake lots step down from road to water on clay that sheds rain instead of absorbing it. Clear the trees and leaf litter for a house, a drain field or a driveway, and the first summer storm cuts rills into the bare slope.
The shoreline erodes from the other side. Lake Sinclair alone has about 417 miles of shoreline, and boat wakes and wind waves undercut banks that were never meant to be a lakefront. Georgia Power only accepts new seawall requests on shorelines with evident cut-bank erosion, requires riprap on the lake side of any new or replacement seawall, and encourages rip-rap seawalls because they disturb less and need less upkeep.
The rules overlap. The state's erosion law protects a 25-foot buffer along all state waters, measured from the wrested vegetation line, though it carves out an exception for bulkheads and seawalls on Lake Oconee and Lake Sinclair. Georgia Power separately protects that same 25-foot strip and its own project land on Lake Oconee, and bars mechanical clearing or regrading there without written approval. And the county is the Local Issuing Authority for any land-disturbing permit. Erosion work near the water has to satisfy all three.